Power apparatus.



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l in .su aille LESLIE R. MCIGNALD, F MONTREAL, QUEBEC, CANAEJ, ASSGNR TMAEGERTSE V.

OLEARY, 0F GNTREAL, QUEBEC, Q-rl..

EO'WER MPAEATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Bec. it, Eltlt.,

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, LESLIE R. MCDONALD, a citizen ofthe United States,and resident of Montreal, Province of Quebec, and Dominion of Canada,have invent-ed new and usetul Improvements in Power Apparatus, of whichthe following is a speciication.y

This invention` relates .to apparatus for transmitting power and moreparticularly for transforming power from. one form to another as fromoscillatory power to rotary power or vice versa. The invention is hereinillustrated as embodied in apparatus of the general character disclosed'in my prior applications Sr. No. 104,095, filed June 1S, une; Nes.139,332; 139,333 ise,aa4, sied Dec. 2S, 1916, and Sr. No. 139,448, tiledDec. 29,1916, to which reference is hereby made for a more completedisclosure of the apparatus in general, hut it is to oe understood thatthe invention may he otherwise ernployed as will hereinafter more fullyappear.

ln apparatus ot' the general cha acter referred to and in other powerapparatus it frequently occurs, especially where the source olf power islimited in amount, that the velocity of the apparatus varies inverselywith the load. That is, as the load increases the velocity decreases andas the load decreasesl the velocity increases. 'Under many circumstancesthis is highly undesirable. For example, in operatingl a phonograph ofthe type employing a disk record the driving torque necessary to rotatethe disk at a given velocity is greater when the stylus en gages thedisk near its outer periphery than when it has moved inwardly nearer thecenter of the disk, inasmuch as themrarlial arm of the resisting' forcedecreases as the stylus mores inwardly. lWhen employing a, constantsource ot' power the velocity varies inxersely with the retarding torceor load and as the stylus moves to ard the center of the record thevelocity of rotation increases owing to the decreasing load. Obviously,the saine principle applies to the' operation et' machinery oi higherpower.

The principal ohjeet of my invention, therefore, is to provide methodand apparatus tor compensating' for the tendency of power apparatus tovary in velocity with vaiation in load. A corollarial object is to varythe supply ot power in proportion to the load so that the supply may atall times be maintained substantially equal 'to the load A furtherohjeet is to attain the 4 toregoing objects automatically by meansresponsive to the variations in load. A still further object is toprovide automatic power regulation particularly applicable to vihratoryapparatus of the type disclosed in my prior applications.

@ther objects of the invention will he apparent from the followingdescription and the accompanying drawings in whiehr- Figure l is a sideView of the apparatus with portions., including one of the viloratorymembers, breken away;

Fig. :2 is a longitudinal section of the apparatus taken on line of Fig.l; and

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section 'of the apparatus taken on line 3 3 ofFig. 2.

A simple embodiment. of my invention has been chosen for the purpose elillustration, this embodiment comprising in its entirety a frame memberl, lvihratoijy members 2 and 3 arranged in the forni or a tuning fork,an electromagnet i having pole pieces 6, a, shaft 7 carrying a pulleyand a. belt 9 engaging the pulley, the belt being tensioned by means ofa spring ll.

rlie vihratory portion of the apparatus comprising arms 2 and 3 of thetuning forli member is similar to that disclosed in my earlierapplications ahove referred to, as is also the construction of theelcctromagnet means-for vibrating the tuning fork arms. The coil Ll ofthe electromagnet means is supplied with either alternately/,orintermittent pulsatory current of a. suitable frequency as, for example,that of the ordinary sixty-cycle commercial alternating current, andthe. viiratory members are preferaliily tuned to vibrate in synchronismwith the pulsatory current either at the current frequency or at .amultiple of the'current frequency.

The holt 9 may contact with the pulley throughout an angle eithergreater or less than 360, the angle ot' contact herein illus` tratedbeing approximately 180". It is branched at one end into two parts, 12and lf3, these parts being connected tothe inner 'faces et the vihratorymeinners 2 and 3 at lil and lf3. lit-thc opposite end the heit isconnected to the bracket 1'? mounted on the frame l, this connectionbeing made through the medium of spring 1l. As the vihratory membersmove apart the lower end 3} ot' the heit is drawn downwardly against thetension of the spring 11 and the pulley 8 is rotated in the direction ofthe arrow. As the vibratory members move together the tension on thelower end of the belt is released and the spring 11 retracts the belt.As more fully described in my prior applications, the belt is sodesigned and so related to the pulley and vibratory members and thespring is so tensioned that the belt slides comparatively freely overthe pulley as it is being retracted by the spring 11. Thus the belttends to rota-te the pulley only in ay clockwise direction and with thevibratory members vibrating at a vfrequency of one hundred and twentycycles per second, as when using sixty-cycle alternating current,' theclockwise impulses imparted to the pulley by the belt follow each otherin such close succession that the rotative torque applied to the pulleyis substantially continuous.

This application is directed more particularly to the mechanism forregulating the velocity of the output shaft 7 and the torque radius ofthe belt 9 as applied to the pulley 8 and shaft 7, it being understoodthat the working apparatus, of whatever nature, which it is desired todrive by means of the apparatus, is connected to the upper end (Figs. 1and 2) of the shaft 7. This mechanism is preferably constructed andarranged as follows: Thel shaft 7, which is mounted in the frame 1 insuitable bearings 18 and 19, is of square cross-section throughout themajor portion disposed between the bearings 18 and 19 and upon thissquare portion of the shaft is mounted the pulley 8, the latter havingan axial opening' of square cross section so that it snugly fits thesquare portion of shaft 7 in such manner that the pulley may slidefreely longitudinally of the shaft, but so that the pulley and shaft areat all times constrainefd to rotate together. d/hile the effective speedratio between the pulley and belt and the effective torque radius of thebelt as applied to the pulley may be varied in numerous ways within thescopi` of my invention, the most simple way comprises tapering' thepulley 8 and associating the belt with the pulley in substantially (hesame manner shown in the drawing..

The belt 9 is preferably not disposed in the plane which isperpendicular to the axis of the shaft 7, but is preferably disposedangularly with respect to such a plane. ln the drawings the lower end(Fig. of the belt is disposed nearer the plane of the larger cud of thepullev F than is the upper end of the belt which is connected throughthe spring l1 to the bracket 17. By virtue of this arrangement thetorque impulse applied to the pulley cach time the vibratory men'xbcrsmore apart is not exactly tangential to the pulley but is directed at aslight angle to a. plane perpene dicular to the axis of the shaft, sothat impulse applied to the pulley has a small component directedlongitudinally of the shaft and toward the larger end of the pulley.Thus the pulley is not only supplied with tangential components ofimpulses at a rate which results in a practical continuous rotatingtorque but longitudinal components of impulses directed toward thellarger end of the pulley are applied to the pulley at the same rate,which results in substantially a continuous force urging the pulleytoward the lower end (Figs. 1 and 2) of the shaft 7. This longitudinalforce is preferably eounteracted by means of a compression spring 21surrounding the shaft 7 and extending between the large end of thepulley 8 and a collar 22 rigidly attached to the shaft, the spring 21being so designed as to balance the longitudinal force appliedv to thepulley by the belt under normal conditions of load as applied to shaft7.

ln the absence of the present invention the amplitude of vibration ofthe vibratory members would tend to decrease as the load applied theretothrough the medium of the shaft, pulley and belt is increased` thisreduction in amplitude causing a decrease in velocity of the shaft 7.Qonversely, a's the load decreases the amplitude of vibration of members2 and 3 and consequently the velocity of shaft 7 would tend to increase.However, with the mechanism herein disclosed. as the load varies thepulley 8 is caused to move longitudinally along the shaft. 7 in suchmanner that the belt 9 moves longitudinally with relation to the taperedsurface of the pulley 8, the pulley being caused to move longitudinallyof the shaft owing to the variation. with variation of load, ot' thelongitudinal impulses above referred to.

As the belt travels from the smaller to the larger end of the pulley thetorque radius of the belt, that is, the average distance from 'the axisof the shaft to the belt, increases.

At the same time the angular velocity of the pulley 8 and shaft 7decreases with relation to the linear velocity of the belt 9 by virtueof the increased torque radius. Moreover, the impulses applied to thepulley increase in magnitude as the load on the shaft 7 in creases. andtherefore the longitudinal components of the impulses increase with increase in load. As the long ritudinalcomponcnts of the impulses increasethe pulley 8 is forced alongr the sha fr 7 against the action ofspring-21 until thc increased tension of the spring is sullicient tobalance the increased longitudinal force. rl`hus. it will be apparentthat as the load increases the pulley 8 is forced alonpw the shaft 7against the action of the spring 21 so that the belt moves relatively tothe pulley toward the cont-rolling the longitudinal position of the beltrelatively to the pulley so that the belt can be gradually advancedalong the tapered surface of the pulley' while rotating the pulley.

9. Power apparatus comprising a Shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on theshaft so that powei can be transmitted therebetween, power means. and abelt extending between the power means and said pulley, the beltcontacting with the tapered periphery of the pulley and being arrangedso that power can be transmitted between the said shaft and power means,the belt and pulley being relatively movable longitudinally ot' thepulley so that the position of the belt may be varied relatively to thepulley along the tapered periphery ot the pulley, thereby to vary thespeed ratio between the shaft and the power means.

1t). Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on theshalt so that power can be transmitted therebetween, power means, and abelt extending 'between the power means and said pulley, the belteontacting with the tapered periphery of the pulley and being arrangedso that power can be transn'iitted between the said shaft and powermeans, the belt and pulley being relatively movable longitudinally otIthe pulley so that the position of the belt may be varied relatively tothe pulley along the tapered periphery of the pulley, and the beltextending from the pulley obliqnely to a plane perpendicular to the axisof the pulley on at least one side of the pulley.

11. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on theshaft, a belt contacting with the pulley so that power can betransmitted therebetween, and means responsive to the power transmittedbetween th(` belt and pulley for controlling the relative position ot'belt and pulley longitudinally ofthe pulley so that the relativeposition varies with the amount of power transmitted.

1Q. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tay'iered pulley mounted onthe shaft so as to drive the shaft.V driving means, a belt extendingbetween the driving means and pnlley, the beit and pulley beingrelatively movable longitudinally of the pulley so that the position of'the belt may be varied relatively to the pulley along thel taperedperiphery of the pulley` and means responsive, to the power transmittedfrom the driving means to the shaft through the belt and pulley forcontrolling the relative, position ol belt and pulley.

lf3. Power apparatus comprising a sha l't, a tapered pulley mounted onthe shaft so as to drive the shaft, driving means, a beltextendingbetween the driving means and pulley. the belt and pulley beingrelatively movable longitudinally of the pulley so that the position ofthel belt may be varied along the tapered periphery of the pulley, andmeans responsive to the power transmitted from the driving means to theshaft through the belt and pulley for controlling the relative positionof belt and pulley so that the belt moves toward the smaller end of thepulley as the power increases.

14. Power apparatus comprising a ta.- pered pulley, a belt contactingwith the periphery of the pulley so that power can be transmittedtherebetween, the belt being so arranged as to urge the pulleylongitudinally of its axis in Yone direction when power is transmitted,and means for yieldingly urging the pulley in the opposite direetion.

15. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on theshaft so that power oan be transmitted therebetween, a belt contactingwith the periphery of the pulley so 'that power can be transmittedtherebetween, the belt being so arranged as to urge the pulleylongitudinally of its axis when power is transmitted between the beltandthe pulley, and means arranged yieldingly to oppose the longitudinalforce imparted to the pulley by the belt.

16. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on theshaft so that power may be transmitted therebetween, a belt contactingwith the periphery of the pulley so that power may be transmittedtherebetween, the pulley being mounted to move longitudinally of theshaft and the belt being arranged to urge the pulley along the shaft,yand yielding means to counteract the longitudinal force impart ed tothe pulley by the belt.

17. Power apparatus comprising a shaft, a tapered pulley mounted on' theshaft so that power may be transmitted therebetween, a belt contactingw-ith the periphery of the pulley so that power may be transmittedtherebetween, the pulley being mounted to move longitudinally of theshaft and the belt being arranged to urge the pulley along the shaft,and means includeounteract the longitudinal force imparted to the pulleyby the belt.

18. Power apparatus comprising vibratory means, a shaft, a taperedpulley mounted on the shaft for rotating the shaft, a beltI connectingwith the vibrator-y means and contacting with the tapered pulley, meansto tension the belt so that the pulley is continuously rotated as thebelt is moved back and 'forth by the vibratory means, said pulley beinglongitudinally movable on the shaft and the belt. being arranged to urgethe pulley alongr the shaft as power is trans mitted through the pulleyto the shaft, the longitudinal force imparted to the pulley by the beltvarying with the power transing a coiled spring surrounding the shafttov mitted, and means Iyieldingly counteracting the longitudinal forceimparted to the pulley by the belt in such manner that, as thetransmitted power varies, the longitudinal position of the pulley on theshaft varies, thereby varying the position of the belt on the taperedpulley.

19. Power apparatus comprising vibratory means, a shaft disposedtransversely of the path of vibration of the vibratory means, a taperedpulley longitudinally movable on the shaft, a belt connecting with thevibratory means and contacting with the tapered pulley, means to tensionthe belt so thatthe pulley is continuously rotated as the belt is movedback-and forth, the belt being so disposed with respect to thepulleythat the transmission of power from the vi-4 bratory means to the shaftthrough the belt and pulley tends to inovexthe pulley along the shaft soas to shift the belt along the taperedpulley, and means yieldingly tocounteract the longitudinal movement of the pulley so that the speed anddriving 'i 20. Power apparatus comprising vibra tory means in the formof a tuning fork, 'al i shaft disposed longitudinally of the"prongs ofthe tuning fork and in a plane normally intersecting the plane oftheforks betweenv the forks, a tapered pulley mounted on the shaft so as toslide therealong, a spring urging the pulley in one direction along theshaft;r a belt connecting with the vibrator means and contacting withtheY tapered pu ley, and means to tensionthe belt so that the pulley andshaft a-re continuously rotated by the vibration offthe vibratory means,the belt being so disposed that the transmission of power-through 't'liebelt and pulley opposes the action ofv the spring, whereby the pulley isshifted relatively to the belt in response to variation in the powertransmitted. Signed by me at Montreal,' Canada.

LESLIE R. MCDONALD.

